Genotype-by-environment interactions for grain yield of Valencia groundnut genotypes in East and Southern Africa

Summary

Grain yield is a quantitatively inherited trait in groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) and subject to genotype-by-environment interactions. Groundnut varieties show wide variation in grain yield across different agro-ecologies. The objectives of this study were to evaluate Valencia groundnut genotypes for yield stability and classify environments to devise appropriate breeding strategies. Seventeen multi-location trials were conducted in six countries, namely Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and Zambia, from 2013 to 2016. The experiments were laid out following a resolvable incomplete block design, with 2 replications at each location (hereafter referred to as ‘environments’) using 14 test lines and 2 standard checks. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis was conducted. Variation attributable to environments, genotypes and genotype × environment interaction for grain yield was highly significant (p <0.001). Genotype, environment and genotype × environment interactions accounted for 7%, 53 %, and 40% of the total sum of squares respectively. Superior-performing genotypes possessing high to moderate adaptability and stability levels included ICGV-SM 0154, ICGV-SM 07539, ICGV-SM 07536, ICGV-SM 7501, ICGV-SM 99568, and ICGV SM 07520. Nachingwea 2013 in Tanzania, Nakabango 2014 in Uganda and Chitedze 2015 in Malawi were the most representative and discriminative environments. Considering the implications of interactions for Valencia groundnut breeding in East and Southern Africa we propose that different varieties should be targeted for production in different environments and at the same time used for breeding in specific environments.

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Publication: Australian Journal of Crop Science; 13(12)
Number of pages: 8
File type: PDF
File size: 899.46 KB

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